Non-celiac gluten sensitivity

Currently it is quite difficult to diagnose non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) because there are no specific blood tests available. First of all it is important to rule out both celiac disease (gluten intolerance) and wheat allergy before NCGS can be suspected, because some of the symptoms overlap.

NCGS occurs mainly among women, but it may also be prevalent among children and adolescents.
Gastro-intestinal symptoms can be experienced within hours but sometimes even after several days of gluten consumption. The following symptoms may be experienced:
• Bloatedness and abdominal pain followed by diarrhea.
• Abdominal pain, nausea and constipation.
• Abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhea followed by constipation.

Other symptoms that may also be experienced include:
• General lack of well-being,
• Headache.
• Fatigue.
• Anxiety,
• Muscle and joint pain.
• Skin rash/dermatitis.
• Anemia.
• Numbness and a foggy mind.

Once celiac disease and wheat allergy are excluded it is recommended to consult a dietician, because a gluten free diet must be followed for a specific time period. Normally abdominal symptoms will disappear within days after following a gluten free diet. However, if fatigue, mood changes or headaches are experienced, it may be necessary to continue with a gluten free diet for a prolonged period of time.
Close monitoring with your dietician is necessary to optimize general well-being and to prevent nutritional deficiencies.

Reference

RUEMMELE, F. M. 2018. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a challenging diagnosis in children with abdominal pain. Annals of Nutrition and metabolism. 73(suppl 4): 39-46.